Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2019, vol. 28, nr 8, August, p. 1111–1118

doi: 10.17219/acem/101573

Publication type: review article

Language: English

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Markers of acute kidney injury in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Monika Augustynowicz1,A,B,C,D, Agnieszka Bargenda-Lange1,B,C,D, Krzysztof Kałwak2,A,E,F, Danuta Zwolińska1,E,F, Kinga Musiał1,A,B,C,D,E,F

1 Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

2 Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Oncology and Pediatric Hematology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI), one of the major complications in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), is an independent predictor of the patient’s survival and a prognostic factor of progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite the multifaceted role of AKI, its early diagnosis in the course of HSCT remains a challenge. These difficulties may result from the inefficiency of traditional methods used to assess kidney function, like serum creatinine or estimated glomerular filtration rate. Moreover, the list of potential AKI markers tested in HSCT conditions is limited and does not involve indexes evaluated in the pediatric population. This review summarizes current knowledge on the pathophysiology of AKI developing in the course of HSCT; presents well-known markers of AKI that are potentially applicable in children who have undergone HSCT; discusses the role of new markers in diagnosing AKI and predicting the renal outcome in children undergoing HSCT; and analyzes the prospects for the use of new tools for assessing kidney injury in everyday clinical practice.

Key words

chronic kidney disease, nephrotoxicity, acute tubular damage, renal outcome, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

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