Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
JCR Impact Factor (IF) – 1.736
5-Year Impact Factor – 2.135
Index Copernicus  – 168.52
MEiN – 70 pts

ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2019, vol. 28, nr 11, November, p. 1469–1476

doi: 10.17219/acem/104524

Publication type: original article

Language: English

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Differential diagnosis of leukoplakia versus lichen planus of the oral mucosa based on digital texture analysis in intraoral photography

Kamil Jurczyszyn1,A,B,D, Marcin Kozakiewicz2,A,C,D

1 Department of Oral Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

2 Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Military Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland

Abstract

Background. A noninvasive, accurate and quick diagnosis is very important to general practitioners and specialists who care for the health of patients’ oral cavity mucosa. The main enemies are precancerous lesions: leukoplakia and lichen planus (LP).
Objectives. The aim of this study was to attempt to formulate a differential diagnosis for leukoplakia vs LP in the oral mucosa based on digital texture analysis in intraoral macrophotography.
Material and Methods. The study was comprised of 21 patients affected by leukoplakia, 21 affected by LP and 21 healthy volunteers. Intraoral photography of all participants was taken perpendicularly to the buccal mucosa. To achieve the maximum possible contrast, a high-pass filter was applied and level tools were then used to equalize the histograms of the images. After that, the images were converted into 8-bit grayscale. Two features of run length matrix and 2 of co-occurrence matrix were used for texture analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to check for differences. Factor analysis (FA) and classification with artificial neural network (ANN) were performed.
Results. The results revealed a simple possible differentiation of both types of precancerous lesions from normal mucosa (p < 0.05). Factor analysis and ANN can help in differentiating the 3 study groups from one another.
Conclusion. Differential diagnosis of leukoplakia and LP in the oral mucosa based on digital texture analysis in intraoral macrophotography is possible. It can be used to develop smartphone applications and can be also a helpful tool for general dentists to define the clinical problem before a consultation with a specialist.

Key words

lichen planus, leukoplakia, texture analysis, oral mucosa pathology

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