Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
IF – 2.1 (5-Year IF – 2.0), JCI (2023) – 0.4
Scopus CiteScore – 3.7 (CiteScore Tracker – 4.3)
Q1 in SJR 2024, SJR score – 0.598
IC – 171.00; MNiSW – 70 pts
Initial editorial assessment and first decision within 24 h

ISSN 1899–5276 (print), ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
Periodicity – monthly

Download original text (EN)

Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2018, vol. 27, nr 2, February, p. 201–206

doi: 10.17219/acem/63403

Publication type: original article

Language: English

Download citation:

  • BIBTEX (JabRef, Mendeley)
  • RIS (Papers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero)

Morphometric study of the triangle of Petit in human fetuses

Magdalena Grzonkowska1,A,B,C,D, Mateusz Badura1,A,B,C,D, Mariusz Baumgart1,A,B,C, Anna Wiczołek1,B,C, Jakub Lisiecki1,B,C, Maciej Biernacki1,B,C, Michał Szpinda1,D,E,F

1 Department of Normal Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland

Abstract

Background. The inferior lumbar triangle of Petit is bounded by the iliac crest, lateral border of the latissimus dorsi and the medial border of the external oblique.
Objectives. In the present study, we aimed to quantitatively examine the base, sides, area, and interior angles of the inferior lumbar triangle in the human fetus so as to provide their growth dynamics.
Material and Methods. Using anatomical dissection, digital image analysis (NIS-Elements AR 3.0), and statistics (Student’s t-test, regression analysis), we measured the base, 2 sides, area and interior angles of Petit’s triangle in 35 fetuses of both sexes (16 male, 19 female) aged 14–24 weeks.
Results. Neither sex nor laterality differences were found. All the parameters studied increased commensurately with age. The linear functions were computed as follows: y = −0.427 + 0.302 × age for base, y = 1.386 + 0.278 × age for medial side, y = 0.871 + 0.323 × age for lateral side, and y = −13.230 + 1.590 × age for area of the Petit triangle.
Conclusion. In terms of geometry, Petit triangle reveals neither male–female nor right–left differences. An increase in both lengths and area of the inferior lumbar triangle follows proportionately. The Petit triangle is an acute one in the human fetus.

Key words

digital-image analysis, Petit triangle, inferior lumbar triangle, side, area

References (28)

  1. Grauls A, Lallemand B, Krick M. The retroperitoneoscopic repair of a lumbar hernia of Petit – Case report and review of literature. Acta Chir Belg. 2004;104:330–334.
  2. Lawdahl RB, Moss N, van Dykke JA. Inferior lumbar (Petit’s) hernia. AJR. 1986;147:744–755.
  3. Faro SH, Racette CD, Lally JF, Wills JS, Mansoory A. Traumatic lumbar hernia: CT diagnosis. AJR. 1990;154:757–759.
  4. Bhasin SK, Khan AB, Sharma S. Bilateral Petit’s triangle hernia. J K Science. 2006;8(3):163–164.
  5. Bigolin AV, Rodrigues AP, Trevisan CG, et al. Petit lumbar hernia – A double layer technique for tension – Free repair. Int Surg. 2014;99: 556–559.
  6. Jankovic ZB, du Feu FM, McConnel P. An anatomical study of the transversus abdominis plane block: Location of the lumbar triangle of Petit and adjacent nerves. Anesth Analg. 2009;109(3):981–985.
  7. Starczewski K, Ziętek-Czeszak A, Kamiński M, Ziętek Z. Transverse abdominal plane – Anatomical and clinical aspects. Ann Acad Med Stetin. 2014;60(1):16–19.
  8. Manatakis DK, Stamos N, Agalianos Ch, Karvelis MA, Gkiaourakis M, Davides D. Transient femoral nerve palsy complicating
  9. Ibrahim M, El Shamaa H. Efficacy of ultrasound-guided oblique subcostal transversus abdominis plane block after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled study. Eg J Anaesth. 2014;30:285–292.
  10. Loukas M, Tubbs RS, El-Sedfy A, et al. The clinical anatomy of the triangle of Petit. Hernia. 2007;11(5):441–444.
  11. Burt BM, Afifi HY, Wantz GE, Barie PS. Traumatic lumbar hernia: Report of cases and comprehensive review of the literature. J Trauma. 2004; 57(6):1361–1370.
  12. Ipek T, Eyuboglu E, Aydingoz O. Laparoscopic management of inferior lumbar hernia (Petit triangle hernia). Hernia. 2005;9:184–187.
  13. Hemmer PH, van Leuuwen BL. Image of month diagnosis. Lumbar hernia in the triangle of Petit. Arch Surg. 2012;147:485–486.
  14. Singh M, Kumar A, Nag S. Inferior lumbar hernia: Case report. IOSR-JDMS. 2014;13(2):16–18.
  15. Baker ME, Weinerth JL, Andriani RT, Cohan RH, Dunnick NR. Lumbar hernia: Diagnosis by CT. AJR. 1987;148(3):565–467.
  16. Moreno-Egea A, Baena EG, Calle MC, Martinez JA, Albasini JL. Controversies in the current management of lumbar hernias. Arch Surg. 2007;142(1):82–88.
  17. Gagner M, Milone L, Gumbs A, Turner P. Laparoscopic repair of left lumbar hernia after laparoscopic left nephrectomy. JSLS. 2010;14(3): 405–409.
  18. Tavares-de la Paz LA, Martínez-Ordaz JL. Lumbar hernia. Case report and literature review. Cir Cir. 2007;75(5):381–384.
  19. Alves A Jr, Maximiano L, Fujimura I, Pires PW, Birolini D. Grynfelt hernia. Arq Gastroenterol. 1996;33:32–35.
  20. Cavallaro G, Sadighi A, Miceli M, Burza A, Carbone G, Cavallaro A. Primary lumbar hernia repair: The open approach. Eur Surg Res. 2007; 39(2):88–92.
  21. Di Carlo I, Toro A, Sparatore F, Corsale G. Lumbar hernia repaired using a new technique. Am Surg. 2007;73(1):54–57.
  22. Palanivelu C, Rangarajan M, John SJ, Madankumar MV, Senthilkumar K. Laparoscopic transperitoneal repair of lumbar incisional hernias: A combined suture and
  23. Rafi AN. Abdominal field block: A new approach via the lumbar triangle. Anaesthesia. 2001;56(10):1024–1026.
  24. Hebbard P, Fujiwara Y, Shibata Y, Royse C. Ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block. Anaesth Intense Care. 2007;35(4):616–617.
  25. Cussenot O, Bourrier P, Bassi S, et al. Anatomic study of the lumbar region applied to multiplanar imaging techniques: Importance and use of oblique vertical sections. Surg Radiol Anat. 1994;16:287–291.
  26. Crouse H. The triangle of Petit in kidney surgery. Ann Surg. 1915;62: 451–455.
  27. Moreno-Egea A, Aguayo JI. Ambulatory laparoscopic repair of inferior or Petit hernia: A case report. Surg Endosc. 2002;16:1107–1107.
  28. Starczewski K. Trójkąt lędźwiowy – budowa, topografia oraz zmienność w aspekcie dostępu do znieczuleń przestrzeni poprzecznej brzucha [doctoral thesis]. Szczecin, Poland: Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie; 2014.
© Wroclaw Medical University