Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
JCR Impact Factor (IF) – 1.736
5-Year Impact Factor – 2.135
Index Copernicus  – 168.52
MEiN – 70 pts

ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
Periodicity – monthly

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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2017, vol. 26, nr 4, July, p. 581–586

doi: 10.17219/acem/62453

PubMed ID: 28691410

Publication type: original article

Language: English

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The risk of plasma vitamin A, C, E and D deficiency in patients with metabolic syndrome: A case-control study

Małgorzata Godala1,A,B,C,D,F, Izabela Materek-Kuśmierkiewicz2,A,B,D, Dariusz Moczulski2,A,E, Maciej Rutkowski3,B, Franciszek Szatko4,A,F, Ewelina Gaszyńska4,B,C, Sławomir Tokarski5,B,C, Jan Kowalski6,E,F

1 Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Chair of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Łódz, Poland

2 Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrodiabetology, Chair of Internal Diseases and Cardiology, Medical University of Łódz, Poland

3 Department of Military Toxicology and Radiological Protection, Medical University of Łódz, Poland

4 Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion, Chair of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Łódz, Poland

5 Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszów, Poland

6 Department of Internal and Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Łódz, Poland

Abstract

Background. The increasing incidence of metabolic diseases such as obesity or diabetes have made them a major public health problem. Increasing oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species, which initiate the oxidative adverse changes in the cell, is mentioned, among other risk factors, to underlie these diseases. Vitamin A, C and E are listed among the non-enzymatic mechanisms counteracting this phenomenon. Vitamin D deficiency is also associated with cardiovascular diseases.
Objectives. The aim of the study was to assess the risk of vitamin A, C, E and D deficit in the plasma of metabolic syndrome (MS) patients.
Material and Methods. The study included 191 patients with MS and 98 subjects without MS. Loglinear analysis was used in the assessment of mutual interactions between the vitamin concentration and the analysis of classification by ROC curves to predict the frequency of vitamin deficiency in MS patients.
Results. A correlation was found between the plasma level of vitamins in the group of MS patients. Vitamin A concentration correlated with that of vitamin C (r = 0.51, p = 0.0000), vitamin D (r = 0.49, p = 0.0000) and E (r = 0.32, p = 0.0001). The plasma level of vitamin D correlated with the level of vitamin E (r = 0.46, p = 0.00000) and vitamin C (r = 0.37, p = 0.0000). Regression analysis showed a correlation between the concentration of the tested vitamins in patients with MS. Interactions were observed between vitamins C and A and between C and D. HDL cholesterol level was lower in patients with vitamin A deficiency compared to patients with its normal level.
Conclusion. The plasma levels of vitamin A, C, E and D were significantly lower in patients with MS than in healthy subjects and they mutually correlated with each other. The normalization of glucose and HDL level may contribute to the regulation of the concentration of vitamin A in patients with MS.

Key words

metabolic syndrome, antioxidant vitamins, vitamin D deficiency

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