Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2017, vol. 26, nr 3, May-June, p. 533–537

doi: 10.17219/acem/63794

Publication type: review

Language: English

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Zirconium: The material of the future in modern implantology

Paweł Kubasiewicz-Ross1,B,C,D, Marzena Dominiak1,A,E, Tomasz Gedrange2,A,B,C,D,E,F, Ute U. Botzenhart2,D,E

1 Department of Oral Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

2 Outpatient Clinic of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany

Abstract

The authors present the contemporary state of knowledge concerning alternative materials for dental implantology. First of all, factors influencing osseointegration are stated. The most important factors seem to be the type of implant surface. Among the numerous parameters describing them, the most important are: average roughness and porous density. Some studies proved that materials with comparable surface roughness provide similar osseointegration. In modern implantology titanium is the material still considered as a “gold standard”. However, aesthetic features of titanium still bear several disadvantages, especially in the case of periodontium with a thin biotype in the anterior, aesthetic sensitive area of the jaw. If a titanium implant is used in such a case, the mucosa at the implant’s neck may become grayish and, consequently limits the success of the overall treatment. That was the reason for seeking alternative materials to manufacture dental implants. Initiated by general medicine, mainly orthopedics, the search led to the discovery of zirconium dioxide used in dental implantology. A small number of complications, good chemical parameters, anticorrosion, mechanical strength, elasticity module close to the one of steel, and especially biocompatibility made zirconium a perfect material for this purpose, although this material presents several problems in achieving optimal roughness. In this overview one of the probable methods, a process of partial synterization, is presented.

Key words

literature review, zirconium, dental implantology

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