Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2015, vol. 24, nr 2, March-April, p. 267–274

doi: 10.17219/acem/40399

Publication type: original article

Language: English

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Ileal Pouch Morphology and Microbiology in Ulcerative Colitis Patients

Dorota Pawełka1,A,B,C,D,F, Wiktor Bednarz1,A,B,E,F, Zbigniew Krawczyk1,A,B, Marta Rzeszutko2,C, Robert Olewiński1,B,D, Piotr Czopnik1,B

1 First Department and Clinic of General, Gastroenterological and Endocrinological Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

2 Division of Pathomorphology, Department of Pathomorphology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

Abstract

Background. Ideal pouch created during restorative proctocolectomy is a new gastrointestinal organ – “neorectum”. Although it is made from the ileum, it takes over function of the removed rectum. This new function results in significant morphological changes in pouch’s mucous membrane, which becomes similar to the large bowel mucosa. The most common pathology of the ileal pouch is its inflammation – pouchitis. One of the suspected causes of pouchitis is bacterial flora disturbance.
Objectives. The aim of the study was to analyze the morphological and microbiological changes in ileal pouches in different time periods after ileostomy closure and to evaluate the influence of certain bacterial strains on the degree of inflammation.
Material and Methods. The study involved 47 patients who had been treated surgically; they were investigated before and at different stages after ileostomy closure. They underwent repeated rectoscopies with biopsies of pouch mucosa and swabs for microbiological examination. In total 89 rectoscopies were performed, which provided 70 histopathological results according to the Heidelberg Pouchitis Activity Score and 87 microbiological test results.
Results. The assessment of the morphology of intestinal pouches showed increased signs of chronic inflammation as the length of time after the closure of a protective ileostomy increased. There was no correlation between the signs of acute inflammation and the length of time after surgery; there were more signs of acute inflammation in cases of pouchitis. The composition of the bacterial flora of intestinal pouches changed as the length of time after ileostomy closure increased, with significant increases in the number of enterobacteriaceae species. The presence of Staphylococcus aureus significantly correlates with a higher degree of chronic inflammation; this bacterium may be a potential infectious factor in pouchitis.
Conclusion. Microbiological analysis of intestinal pouch lumen is a useful tool that can be used in routine follow-up assessment of intestinal pouches as well as in diagnosing pouchitis.

Key words

ileal pouch, ulcerative colitis, restorative proctocolectomy, pouchitis

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