Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
Periodicity – monthly

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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2013, vol. 22, nr 3, May-June, p. 387–393

Publication type: original article

Language: English

Thyroidectomy in Children: Changing Trends and Surgical Strategies

Tyreoidektomia u dzieci: zmieniające się trendy epidemiologiczne i strategie postępowania chirurgicznego

Maciej Bagłaj1,A,B,C,D,F, Sylwester Gerus1,B,C,D, Urszula Dorobisz2,C,E, Tadeusz Łukieńczuk3,C,E, Beata Wikiera4,C,E

1 Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

2 Department of Radiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

3 Department of General Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

4 Department of Pediatric endocrinology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

Abstract

Background. Surgical thyroid pathology is an uncommon problem in children and due to environmental factors may be locally-specific. Until the mid-90’s, Lower Silesia had been regarded as a region of endemic goiter but since then a better system of iodine prophylaxis has been introduced.
Objectives. To assess changing trends in the epidemiology of surgical thyroid diseases in children and to examine whether they have influenced potential alterations of operative strategies during the study period.
Material and Methods. . The medical records of all children operated on for thyroid disease between 1993 and 2010 in the university pediatric surgical center were retrospectively reviewed. The data regarding the indications for thyroidectomy, details of surgical management and outcome were collected and analyzed in three periods of time 1993–1998, 1999–2004 and 2005–2010.
Results. . There were 46, 63 and 41 children operated on in the analyzed periods of time, respectively, with no significant differences regarding their age and gender. Preoperative thyroid ultrasound scan showed nodular lesions within the thyroid gland in 145 children (94.7%). The frequency of unilateral and bilateral nodular lesions was basically similar throughout the whole study. There has been a significant decrease in subtotal resections from around 63% in the first period to less than 16% in the other two periods of the study. The reverse trend can be clearly seen with regard to unilateral total lobectomy. Since 1999, total lobectomy or total thyroidectomy has been performed in more than 80% of the children. Nodular goiter was the most common indication for surgical operation followed by follicular adenoma. Malignant disease was recorded in 7 children (4.6%).
Conclusion. . The gradual decrease of the number of children with surgical pathology of the thyroid gland seems to reflect an effective iodine prophylaxis. depending on the extent of thyroid disease, unilateral lobectomy, either alone or coupled with partial or total resection of the contralateral lobe should be a standard surgical procedure in children.

Streszczenie

WprowadzenieChirurgiczne schorzenia tarczycy są rzadkie u dzieci. Na ich występowanie mają wpływ czynniki środowiskowe. do lat 90. XX w. dolny Śląsk był uznawany za obszar endemicznego wola, od tego czasu został jednak wprowadzony lepszy i skuteczniejszy system profilaktyki jodowej.
Cel pracy. Ocena zmiennych trendów epidemiologicznych schorzeń chirurgicznych tarczycy u dzieci oraz wykonanie oceny, czy miały one wpływ na zmianę strategii postępowania chirurgicznego.
Materiał i metody. Przeprowadzono retrospektywną analizę dokumentacji medycznej dzieci poddanych leczeniu chirurgicznemu w latach 1993–2010 w referencyjnym ośrodku uniwersyteckim chirurgii dziecięcej. Szczegółowej ocenie poddano wskazania do zabiegu operacyjnego, szczegóły zabiegu oraz wyniki leczenia. dane były oceniane i analizowane w trzech okresach: 1993–1998, 1999–2004 i 2005–2010.
Wyniki. i
Wnioski. Stopniowe zmniejszanie częstości występowania schorzeń tarczycy leczonych chirurgicznie u dzieci wydaje się wynikać ze skuteczniejszego programu profilaktyki jodowej na terenie dolnego Śląska. Jednostronna totalna lobektomia uzupełniona o częściowe lub całkowite wycięcie drugiego płata powinna być przyjęta jako standardowy zabieg chirurgiczny u dziecka ze schorzeniem chirurgicznym tarczycy.

Key words

: thyroid, children, thyroidectomy, goiter, thyroid nodule.

Słowa kluczowe

tarczyca, dzieci, tyreoidektomia, wole, wole guzkowe.

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