Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2012, vol. 21, nr 2, March-April, p. 179–186

Publication type: original article

Language: English

The Potential Role of Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Malignant Melanoma – an in vitro Study

Możliwości zastosowania terapii fotodynamicznej w leczeniu czerniaka – badania in vitro

Anna Choromańska1,, Jolanta Saczko1,, Julita Kulbacka1,, Nina Skolucka1,, Michał Majkowski2,

1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

2 Laboratory of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Poland

Abstract

Background. Melanoma is the most severe of skin neoplasms as it may grow rapidly and metastasize. The application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) opens up new prospects in the treatment of this tumor. Numerous studies suggest that the exposure of tumor cells to PDT can lead to cellular and molecular mechanisms which mediate oxidative stress in cells.
Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the influence of photodynamic therapy on the human melanoma Me45 cell line.
Material and Methods. Photofrin® (Ph) was used as a photosensitizer.
Results. Viability studies have shown that there are significant differences between cells after PDT and cells without irradiation. After 24 hours of incubation with a 20 μg/ml concentration of Ph and with irradiation, less than 20% of the cells survived. In the control (without PDT), 65% of the cells survived.
Conclusion. The mitochondrial localization of Ph is significant, as it may lead to disturbances of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and finally to apoptotic cell death. The expressions of manganese superoxide dismutase and heme oxygenase and the level of carbonyl and thiol groups are indicating factors for oxidative stress in Me45 cells.

Streszczenie

Wprowadzenie. Czerniak należy do grupy silnie złośliwych nowotworów skóry, ponieważ cechuje go szybki wzrost oraz wczesne tworzenie przerzutów. Zastosowanie terapii fotodynamicznej (PDT) otwiera nowe perspektywy w leczeniu tego nowotworu. Liczne badania sugerują, że ekspozycja komórek nowotworowych na PDT może prowadzić do uruchamiania komórkowych i molekularnych mechanizmów, które prowadzą do stresu oksydacyjnego w komórkach guza.
Cel pracy. Ocena wpływu PDT na ludzką linię komórkową czerniaka (Me45).
Materiał i metody. Jako fotouczulacz zastosowano Photofrin® (Ph).
Wyniki. Badanie przeżywalności komórek wykazało znaczące różnice między żywotnością komórek po zastosowanej PDT a komórkami bez naświetlania. Po 24-godzinnej inkubacji komórek po PDT z 20 mg/ml Ph przeżyło mniej niż 20% komórek, podczas gdy w próbie z Ph, ale bez naświetlania, przeżyło 65% komórek.
Wnioski. Zaobserwowano mitochondrialne umiejscowienie fotouczulacza, co może prowadzić do zaburzenia potencjału transbłonowego mitochondriów i ostatecznie do śmierci komórek na drodze apoptozy. Ekspresja mitochondrialnej dysmutazy ponadtlenkowej oraz hemooksygenazy-1, a także zwiększone stężenie markerów uszkodzenia białek świadczą o zaistniałym stresie oksydacyjnym w komórkach czerniaka linii Me45.

Key words

photodynamic therapy, Photofrin, melanoma, apoptosis

Słowa kluczowe

terapia fotodynamiczna, Photofrin, czerniak, apoptoza

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