Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2012, vol. 21, nr 1, January-February, p. 75–79

Publication type: original article

Language: English

Analysis of the Concentrations of Interleukin 15 in Amniotic Fluid in the Second and the Third Trimesters of Pregnancy

Analiza stężeń interleukiny 15 w płynie owodniowym w II i III trymestrze ciąży

Dominika Klimkiewicz-Blok1,, Jerzy Florjański1,, Jerzy Zalewski2,, Radosław Blok3,

1 2nd Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

2 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Public Health, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

3 1st Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

Abstract

Background. Cytokines play an essential role in the regulation of immunological responses. Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is a glycoprotein secreted primarily by macrophages and monocytes. IL-15 plays a key role in the immunological response of the cellular type.
Objectives. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the concentration of interleukin 15 in amniotic fluid in the second and the third trimesters of a normal pregnancy.
Material and Methods. The study included 74 pregnant women who were subjected to a diagnostic amniocentesis in order to extract amniotic fluid samples. The patients were divided into two groups: group I – 45 pregnant women in the 2nd trimester, subjected to genetic amniocentesis during the 15th through 19th weeks. The results of the cytogenetic tests were found to be normal in all the fetuses. Group II: 29 pregnant women in their 3rd trimester, were subjected to amniocentesis in order to determine the biological maturity of the fetuses. The concentration of IL-15 was marked with the ELISA method using a kit made by the R&D company. Method sensitivity was > 2 pg/ml.
Results. The average concentration of IL-15 in the amniotic fluid of 2nd trimester pregnancies was 6.54 pg/ ml, whereas in the 3rd trimester it rose to 18.62 pg/ml. Discrepancies were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05).
Conclusion. The presence of IL-15 in the amniotic fluid in the second trimester of gestation indicates an early activation of the fetus’s defensive mechanisms. An average concentration of IL-15 in the amniotic fluid is significantly higher in the third trimester of pregnancy than in the second trimester, which can mean about the development of the immune response in the fetus.

Streszczenie

Wprowadzenie. Interleukiny odgrywają istotną rolę w regulacji odpowiedzi immunologicznej organizmu. Interleukina 15 (IL-15) jest glikoproteiną wydzielaną głównie przez makrofagi i monocyty. IL-15 odgrywa kluczową rolę w odpowiedzi immunologicznej typu komórkowego.
Cel pracy. Ocena zmian w stężeniu IL-15 w płynie owodniowym w II i III trymestrze ciąż o przebiegu prawidłowym.
Materiał i metody. Badaniami objęto 74 ciężarne, u których wykonano amniopunkcje diagnostyczne, pobierając płyn owodniowy. Badane podzielono na dwie grupy: Grupa I – 45 ciężarnych w II trymestrze ciąży, poddane amniopunkcji genetycznej między 15. a 19. tygodniem. U wszystkich płodów wynik badania cytogenetycznego był prawidłowy. Grupa II – 29 ciężarnych w III trymestrze ciąży, u których amniopunkcję wykonano w celu oceny dojrzałości biologicznej płodów. Stężenia IL-15 oznaczano metodą immunoenzymatyczną, zestawem firmy R&D. Czułość metody wynosiła > 2 pg/ml.
Wyniki. Średnie stężenie IL-15 w płynie owodniowym w II trymestrze ciąży wyniosło 6,54 pg/ml, a w III trymestrze wzrastało do 18,62 pg/ml. Różnice okazały się znamienne statystycznie (p < 0,05).
Wnioski. Obecność IL-15 w płynie owodniowym w II trymestrze ciąży wskazuje na wczesne uruchomienie mechanizmów ochronnych przez płód. Średnie stężenie IL-15 w płynie owodniowym jest znacząco większe w III trymestrze ciąży niż w II trymestrze, co może świadczyć o rozwoju mechanizmów immunologicznych u płodu.

Key words

interleukin 15, amniotic fluid

Słowa kluczowe

interleukina 15, płyn owodniowy

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