Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
JCR Impact Factor (IF) – 2.1
5-Year Impact Factor – 2.2
Scopus CiteScore – 3.4 (CiteScore Tracker 3.7)
Index Copernicus  – 161.11; MNiSW – 70 pts

ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
Periodicity – monthly

Download original text (EN)

Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2010, vol. 19, nr 3, May-June, p. 337–345

Publication type: original article

Language: English

Zinc, Cooper, Manganese, and Selenium Status in Pre- and Postmenopausal Women During Sex Hormone Therapy

Stężenia cynku, miedzi, manganu i selenu u kobiet menopauzalnych przyjmujących terapię hormonalną

Grażyna Bednarek-Tupikowska1,, Anna Jodkowska2,, Jolanta Antonowicz-Juchniewicz2,

1 Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Isotope Treatment, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

2 Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

Abstract

Background. The impact of estrogen deficiency after menopause on trace minerals has not been widely studied.
Objectives. The aim of this study was to compare trace mineral levels of postmenopausal women with those of premenopausal women of similar age and to determine the impact of estrogen (ET) and estro-progestin (HT) therapy on them.
Material and Methods. E2, FSH, Cu, Zn, Se, and Mn concentrations in serum and/or whole blood in 80 postmenopausal women (M1 group: 26 with surgically induced and 54 with physiological menopause) and in 40 premenopausal controls (C) were determined. In the M1 group the measurements were repeated after 4 months of ET or HT.
Results. The study showed that trace mineral status in the postmenopausal women was slightly different from that of the C. The serum Zn level after menopause was considerably higher than that of the C and tended to decrease after ET, whereas it remained unchanged after HT. Serum Mn level after menopause was similar to that of the controls, but it decreased significantly after ET, whereas it remained unchanged after HT. The rest of the trace element concentrations showed only slight changes.
Conclusion. The precise impact of estrogen deficiency after menopause and hormonal therapy on trace mineral status needs further large-population studies.

Streszczenie

Wprowadzenie. Wpływ niedoboru estrogenów na stężenia metali śladowych u kobiet po menopauzie nie został dotychczas dobrze poznany.
Cel pracy. Zbadano, czy stężenia Zn, Cu, Se i Mn w surowicy i krwi pełnej kobiet przed i po menopauzie różnią się oraz oceniono wpływ terapii estrogenowej (ET) i estroprogestagenowej (HT) na stężenia tych metali.
Materiał i metody. Porównano 80 zdrowych kobiet po menopauzie (54 – naturalnej, 26 – chirurgicznej) i 40 przed menopauzą (K). Oznaczano stężenia E2, FSH w surowicy oraz Zn, Cu, Se i Mn w surowicy i krwi pełnej, przed i po 4-miesięcznej terapii: u kobiet z zachowaną macicą – HT, u kobiet z menopauzą chirurgiczną – ET.
Wyniki. Wykazano, że stężenia metali śladowych u kobiet po menopauzie nieznacznie różnią się od stężeń obserwowanych w grupie kontrolnej. Stężenie cynku w surowicy było większe u kobiet po menopauzie niż w grupie kontrolnej i pod wpływem terapii estroprogestagenowej (HT) nieznacznie zmniejszało się, pozostając bez zmian pod wpływem terapii estrogenowej (ET). Wyjściowo porównywalne między badanymi grupami stężenie manganu w surowicy istotnie zmniejszyło się pod wpływem ET i pozostało niezmienione pod wpływem HT. Stężenia pozostałych badanych mikroelementów zmieniały się jedynie w nieistotnym zakresie.
Wnioski. Dokładne określenie wpływu niedoboru estrogenów na stężenia metali śladowych u kobiet po menopauzie i znaczenia terapii hormonalnej w tym aspekcie wymaga przeprowadzenia dalszych badań na większej populacji.

Key words

copper, zinc, selenium, manganese, menopause, hormonal therapy

Słowa kluczowe

miedź, cynk, selen, mangan, menopauza, terapia hormonalna

References (47)

  1. Van Noord PA, Maas MJ, van der Tweel I, Collette C: Selenium and the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in the DOM cohort. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1993, 25(1), 11–19.
  2. Mannisto S, ALfthan G, Vktanen M, Kataja V, Uusitupa M, Pietinen P: Toenail selenium and breast cancer – a case-control study in Finland. Eur J Clin Nutr 2000, 54(2), 98–103.
  3. Tubek S: Correlations between serum zinc concentrations and oxygen balance parameters in patients with primary arterial hypertension. Biol Trace Elem Res 2007, 115(3), 213–222.
  4. Sullivan JF, Blotcky AJ, Jetton MM, Hahn HK, Burch RE: Serum levels of selenium, calcium, copper magnesium, manganese and zinc in various human diseases. J Nutr 1979, 109(8), 1432–1437.
  5. Saltman PD, Strause LG: The role of trace minerals in osteoporosis. J Am Coll Nutr 1993, 12(4), 384–389.
  6. Gür A, Colpan L, Nas K, Cevik R, Saraç J, Erdoğan F, Düz MZ: The role of trace minerals in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis and a new effect of calcitonin. J Bone Miner Metab 2002, 20(1), 39–43.
  7. Bednarek-Tupikowska G, Jodkowska A, Antonowicz-Juchniewicz J: Serum and whole blood calcium and magnesium concentration in postmenopausal women taking oestrogens or oestroprogestins. Menopausal Rev 2007, 2, 83–89.
  8. Bednarek-Tupikowska G, Tworowska U, Jedrychowska I, Radomska B, Tupikowski K, Bidzinska-Speichert B, Milewicz A: Effects of oestradiol and oestroprogestin on erythrocyte antioxidative enzyme system activity in postmenopausal women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2006, 64(4), 463–468.
  9. Ozden S, Dildar K, Kadir YH, Gaźlizar K: The effects of hormone replacement therapy on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status. Maturitas 2001, 38(2), 165–170.
  10. Lacort M, Leal A.M, Liza M, Martin C, Martinez R, Ruiz-Larrea M.B: Protective effect of estrogens and catecholoestrogens against peroxidative membrane damage. Lipids 1995, 30(2), 141–146.
  11. Miller C.P, Jirkovsky I, Hayhurst DA, Adelman S.J: In vitro antioxidant effects of estrogens with hindered 3-OH function on the cooper-induced oxidation of low density lipoprotein. Steroids 1996, 61, 305–308.
  12. Unfer TC, Conterato GM, da Silva JC, Duarte MM, Emanuelli T: Influence of hormone replacement therapy on blood antioxidant enzymes in menopausal women. Clin Chim Acta 2006, 369(1), 73–77.
  13. Benes B, Spevácková V, Smíd J, Batáriová A, Cejchanová M, Zítková L: Effects of age, BMI, smoking and contraception on levels of Cu, Se and Zn in the blood of the population in the Czech Republic. Cent Eur J Public Health 2005, 13(4), 202–207.
  14. Bureau I, Anderson RA, Arnaud J, Raysiguier Y et al.: Trace mineral status in post menopausal women: impact of hormonal replacement therapy. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2002, 16(1), 9–13.
  15. Taylor A, Nichols JA, Morgan J: Zink metabolism in postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy. Trace Elem Electrolytes 1995, 12, 47–51.
  16. Prema K, Ramalakshmi BA, Babu S: Serum copper and zinc in hormonal contraceptive users. Fertil Steril 1980, 33(3), 267–271.
  17. Aitken JM, Lindsay R, Hart DM: Plasma zinc in preand post-menopausal women: its relationship to oestrogen therapy. Clin Sci 1973, 44(1), 91–94.
  18. Herzberg M, Lusky A, Blonder J, Frenkel Y: The effect of estrogen replacement therapy on zinc in serum and urine. Obstet Gynecol 1996, 87(6), 1035–1040.
  19. Martín-Lagos F, Navarro-Alarcón M, Terrés-Martos C, López-García de la Serrana H, Pérez-Valero V, LópezMartínez MC: Zinc and copper concentrations in serum from Spanish women during pregnancy. Biol Trace Elem Res 1998, 61(1), 61–70.
  20. Coudray C, Feillet-Coudray C, Rambeau M, Tressol JC, Gueux E, Mazur A, Rayssiguier Y: The effect of aging on intestinal absorption and status of calcium, magnesium, zinc, and copper in rats: a stable isotope study. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2006, 20(2), 73–81.
  21. Sokoll LJ, Dawson-Hughes B: Effect of menopause and aging on serum total and ionized calcium and protein concentrations. Calcif Tissue Int 1989, 44, 181–185.
  22. McNair P, Christiansen C, Transbøl I: Effect of menopause and estrogen substitutional therapy on magnesium metabolism. Miner Electrolyte Metab 1984, 10 (2), 84–87.
  23. Meram I, Balat O, Tamer L, Ugur MG: Trace elements and vitamin levels in menopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy. Clind Exp Obstet Gynecol 2003, 30(1), 32–34.
  24. Muneyyirci-Delale, Nacharaju VL, Dalloul M, Altura BM, Altura BT: Serum ionized magnesium and calcium in women after menopause: inverse relation of estrogen with ionized magnesium. Fertil Steril 1999, 71, 869–872.
  25. Smith AM, Chang MP, Medeiros LC: Generational differences in selenium status of women. Biol Trace Elem Res 2000, 75(1–3), 157–165.
  26. Lopes PA, Santos MC, Vicente L, Rodrigues MO, Pavão ML, Nève J, Viegas-Crespo AM: Trace element status (Se, Cu, Zn) in healthy Portuguese subjects of Lisbon population: a reference study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2004, 101(1),1–17.
  27. Ha EJ, Smith AM: Plasma selenium and plasma and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity increase with estrogen during the menstrual cycle. J Am Coll Nutr 2003, 22(1), 43–51.
  28. Berg G, Kohlmeier L and Brenner H: Effect of oral contraceptive progestins on serum copper concentration. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998, 52, 711–715.
  29. Twardowska-Saucha K, Grzeszczak W, Lącka B, Froehlich J, Krywult D: Lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes activity and trace elements concentration in II and III trimester of pregnancy in diabetic women. Pol Arch Med Wew 1994, 92(4), 313–321.
  30. Rahnama M: Influence of estrogen deficiency on the copper level in rat teeth and mandible. Ann Univ Mariae Curie Sklodowska [Med] 2002, 57(1), 352–356.
  31. Abu-Farsakh FA, Thajeel AH, Itani SM, AI-Khalily AS, Abu-Farsakh NA: Interactions of copper with some analytes in human serum. Clin Chem 1989, 35(2), 335.
  32. Yee CD, Kubena KS, Walker M, Champney TH, Sampson HW: The relationship of nutritional copper to the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis in rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 1995, 48(1), 1–11.
  33. Kok FJ, van Duijn CM, Hofman A, Voet GB, Wolff FA, Paays CH, Valkenburg HA: Serum copper and zinc and the risk of death from cancer and cardiovascular disease. Am J Epidemiol 1988, 128, 352–359.
  34. Reunanen A, Knekt P, Marniemi J, Maeki J, Maatela J, Aromaa A: Serum calcium, magnesium, copper and zinc and the risk of cardiovascular death. Eur J Clin Nutr 1996, 50, 431–437.
  35. Salonen JT, Salonen R, Korpela H, Suntioinen S, Tuomilehto J: Serum copper and the risk of acute myocardial infarction: a prospective population study in men in Eastern Finland. Am J Epidemiol 1991, 134, 268–276.
  36. Kosar F, Sahin I, Taskapan C, Kucukbay Z, Gullu H, Taskapan H, Cehreli S: Trace element status (Se, Zn, Cu) in heart failure. Anadolu Kardiyol Dergep 2006, 6(3), 216–220.
  37. Altekin E, Coker C, Sisman AR, Onvural B, Kuralay F, Kirimli O: The relationship between trace elements and cardiac markers in acute coronary syndromes, J Trace Elem Med Bio 2005, 18(3), 235–242.
  38. Mendelsohn ME, Karas RH: The protective effects of estrogen on the cardiovascular system. N Engl J Med 1993, 340,1801–1811.
  39. The Writing Group for the PEPI Trial effects of estrogen or estrogen/progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women: the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Trial. JAMA 1995, 273, 199–208.
  40. Rahnama M, Błoniarz J, Zareba S, Swiatkowski W: Study of estrogen deficiency impact on manganese levels in teeth and mandible of rats after ovariectomy. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig 2003, 54(1), 33–38.
  41. Cai Q, Xiao-Ou S, Wanqing W, Jia-Rong C, Qi D, Yu-Tang G, Zheng W: Genetic polymorphism in the manganese superoxide dismutase gene, antioxidant intake, and breast cancer risk: results from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study, Breast Cancer Res 2004, 6, R647–R655, (DOI 10.1186/bcr929).
  42. Mollsten A, Marklund SL, Wessman M, Svensson M, Forsblom C, Parkkonen M, Brismar K, Groop PH, Dahlquist G: A Functional Polymorphism in the Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Gene and Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes 2007, 56, 265–269.
  43. Tamimi RM, Hankinson SE, Spiegelman D, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ: Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Polymorphism, Plasma Antioxidants, Cigarette Smoking, and Risk of Breast Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004, 13(6), 989–996.
  44. Bouchard M, Laforest F, Vandelac L, Bellinger D, Mergler D: Hair manganese and hyperactive behaviors: pilot study of school-age children exposed through tap water. Environ Health Perspect 2007, 115(1), 122–127.
  45. Lachili B, Faure H, Arnaud J, Richard MJ, Benlatreche C, Favier A, Roussel AM: Blood micronutrients in Algeria, relationships with sex and age. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 2001, 71(2), 111–116.
  46. De Jong N, Gibson RS, Thomson CD, Ferguson EL, McKenzie JE, Green TJ, Horwath CC: Selenium and zinc status are suboptimal in a sample of older New Zealand women in a community-based study. J Nutr 2001, 131(10), 2677–2684.
  47. Di Gioacchino M, Forcucci R, Tiboni GM, Kouri S, Di Gioacchino F, Boscolo P: Influence of menopause and habitual smoking upon serum zinc, serum copper and the cardiovascular and immune parameters of women. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2000, 13(2), 91–97.
© Wroclaw Medical University