Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2008, vol. 17, nr 1, January-February, p. 27–31

Publication type: original article

Language: English

“Loss of Microsatellite”, a New Type of Microsatellitic Change in the Telomeric Region of Chromosomes, as a Possible Characteristic Feature of Papillary Thyroid Cancer – Preliminary Report

Loss of microsatellite, nowy typ zmian mikrosatelitarnych chromosomowych rejonów telomerowych jako charakterystyczna cecha raka brodawkowatego tarczycy – doniesienie wstępne

Tadeusz Łukieńczuk1,2,, Grażyna Dmochowska3,, Agnieszka Krzyżańska3,, Krzysztof Kaliszewski1,2,, Paweł Domosławski1,, Stanisław Półtorak4,, Jacek Rogoliński4,, Tadeusz Dobosz3,

1 Department of General, Gastroenterological and Endocrinological Surgery, Silesian Piasts University of Medicine in Wrocław, Poland

2 Faculty of Public Health, Department of Clinical Nursing, Division of Clinical Procedures, Silesian Piasts University of Medicine in Wrocław, Poland

3 Department of Forensic Medicine, Molecular Technique Unit, Silesian Piasts University of Medicine in Wrocław, Poland

4 Center of Oncology, Maria Sklodowska−Curie Memorial Institute, Gliwice Branch, Poland

Abstract

Background. Papillary thyroid cancer is the most common type of thyroid malignancy. The prognosis is favorable, but only in cases where the illness is detected and qualified for surgical treatment very early. Therefore, early and reliable preoperative diagnostic tools of the most common thyroid cancer are still demanded. In this study changes in the telomeric region of chromosomes were observed which can be detected in various kinds of thyroid tumors by PCR. A third type of microsatellitic change was identified, not described until now as a separate unit, where the subtelomeric microsatellite disappears. The name LOM (Loss of Microsatellite) is proposed for this phenomenon.
Objectives. The aim of the study was to investigate LOM as a possible characteristic feature of papillary thyroid cancer.
Material and Methods. Genetic material from fifteen patients with three of the most common types of thyroid lesions (nodular goiter, follicular thyroid adenoma and papillary thyroid cancer) was investigated. DNA isolated from tumors tissues remaining after performing all necessary routine diagnostic tests was used. As a comparative material, DNA from the blood of the patients where tumor was removed surgically was used. PCR was applied.
Results. LOM was observed in 7 (46.7%) patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, 4 (30.76%) with follicular thyroid adenoma, and 4 (30.76%) with nodular goiter.
Conclusion. LOM occurred in papillary thyroid cancer more frequently than in benign thyroid lesions (thyroid goiters and follicular thyroid adenomas). This is a preliminary report and the authors intend to examine LOM in a larger group of patients.

Streszczenie

Wprowadzenie. Rak brodawkowaty jest najczęściej występującym nowotworem złośliwym tarczycy. Rokowanie jest dobre w przypadkach, kiedy zmiana jest wcześnie wykryta i zakwalifikowana do leczenia operacyjnego. Dlatego nadal poszukuje się doskonalszych i czulszych metod wczesnej diagnostyki raka brodawkowatego tarczycy. W przeprowadzonym badaniu za pomocą technik reakcji PCR autorzy zaobserwowali zmiany zakresu regionów telomerowych chromosomów w materiale otrzymanym z tkanek różnych guzów tarczycy. Po dokładnej analizieobserwowanych zmian stwierdzono, że jest to trzeci typ zmian mikrosatelitarnych, które dotychczas nie były opisywane jako osobne zjawisko. Zjawisko to autorzy nazwali LOM (Loss of Microsatellite).
Cel pracy. Dokładna analiza zjawiska LOM jako potencjalnej cechy charakterystycznej komórek raka brodawkowatego tarczycy.
Materiał i metody. Do badania użyto DNA pobranego od pacjentów z trzema najczęstszymi patologiami gruczołu tarczowego (wole guzowate, gruczolak pęcherzykowy tarczycy, rak brodawkowaty tarczycy). DNA izolowano z tkanki guza pobranej podczas zabiegu chirurgicznego. Materiał porównawczy stanowiło DNA uzyskane z krwi obwodowej od tych samych chorych. Do badania wykorzystano technikę PCR.
Wyniki. Obserwowano zjawisko LOM u 7 (46,7%) chorych z rakiem brodawkowatym tarczycy, u 4 (30,76%) chorych z gruczolakiem pęcherzykowym tarczycy oraz także u 4 (30,76%) z wolem guzowatym.
Wnioski. Zjawisko LOM występuje częściej u chorych z rakiem brodawkowatym tarczycy w porównaniu z pacjentami ze zmianami łagodnymi (wole guzowate, gruczolak pęcherzykowy). Jest to doniesienie wstępne, dlatego autorzy chcą zbadać zjawisko LOM na większej liczbie chorych.

Key words

microsatellite, instability, papillary thyroid cancer

Słowa kluczowe

mikrosatelity, niestabilność, rak brodawkowaty tarczycy

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