Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
JCR Impact Factor (IF) – 2.1 (5-Year IF – 2.0)
Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) (2023) – 0.4
Scopus CiteScore – 3.7 (CiteScore Tracker 3.3)
Index Copernicus  – 161.11; MNiSW – 70 pts

ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
Periodicity – monthly

Download original text (EN)

Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2006, vol. 15, nr 6, November-December, p. 1063–1071

Publication type: review article

Language: English

Effect of Vitamin E on the Physical Work Capacity

Oddziaływanie witaminy E na obciążenie fizyczne

Yousif Saleh1,, Wojciech Wójcik2,, Andrzej Karmowski3,, Abdo Katib4,, Mikołaj Karmowski3,, Maciej Siewiński2,

1 Department of Technical Molecular, Silesian Piasts University of Medicine in Wrocław, Poland

2 Faculty of Public Healthy, Silesian Piasts University of Medicine in Wrocław, Poland

3 1st Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Silesian Piasts University of Medicine in Wrocław, Poland

4 II Department of Surgery and Oncology, Silesian Piasts University of Medicine in Wrocław, Poland

Abstract

It has been widely noted that vitamin E shows numerous beneficial effects through its antioxidant properties and beyond; consequently, vitamin E is expected to prevent degenerative diseases. In the field of sports medicine, many studies dealing with vitamin E have been conducted, originally from the point of view of its effects on physical performance. Although some earlier studies indicated that vitamin E supplementation could improve physical performance, defects in the study design or statistical analysis were pointed out at a later time. The majority of subsequent, well−controlled studies have reported no significant effect on physical performance from vitamin E supplementation. In conclusion, the authors suggest that endurance exercise may promote free radical generation in the body, and vitamin E may play an important role in preventing the free radical and DNA damage associated with endurance exercise. There is also evidence of free radical involvement in exercise−induced muscle injury. Vitamin E supplementation might be expected to prevent muscle and DNA damage caused by exercise in humans.

Streszczenie

Dotychczas zostały dokładnie opracowane informacje dotyczące działania witaminy E, które potwierdzają, że nie tylko jej właściwości antyutleniające, ale również inne mogą zapobiegać pojawianiu chorób związanych ze zmianami zwyrodnieniowymi. W badaniach dotyczących medycyny wysiłku fizycznego podkreślono wpływ witaminy E na działania, które wysiłkowi towarzyszą. Potwierdza się, że podawanie witaminy E w formie suplementów polepsza zdolność organizmu do wysiłku fizycznego, co dokładnie wyjaśniono na podstawie dalszych badań, w tym analizy statystycznej. Wiele z nich potwierdziło pozytywny wpływ działania witaminy E na zmiany spowodowane obciążeniem fizycznym. Sugerują, że pełni funkcję ochronną w organizmie, w tym również, że może ograniczać uwalnianie się wolnych rodników po wysiłku fizycznym. Wolne rodniki uwalniane pod wpływem obciążenia fizycznego mogą uszkodzić DNA, a nawet mięśnie. Witamina E podawana w formie suplementów powinna zapobiegać patogennym zmianom w mięśniach osób wykonujących wysiłek fizyczny, które mogą powstawać na skutek uszkodzenia DNA.

Key words

vitamin E, free radical, physical exercise

Słowa kluczowe

witamina E, wolne rodniki, wysiłek fizyczny

References (46)

  1. Finaud J, Scislowski V, Lac G, Durand D, Vidalin H, Robert A, Filaire E: Antioxidant status and oxidative stress in professional rugby players: evolution throughout a season. Int J Sports Med. 2006, 27, 87–93.
  2. McAnulty SR, McAnulty LS, Nieman DC, Morrow JD, Shooter LA, Holmes S, Heward C, Henson DA: Effect of alpha−tocopherol supplementation on plasma homocysteine and oxidative stress in highly trained athletes before and after exhaustive exercise. J Nutr Biochem 2005, 16, 530–537.
  3. Priscilla M Clarkson and Heather S Thompson: Antioxidants: what role do they play in physical activity and health? Am J Clin Nut 2000, 72, 375–646.
  4. Rundle AG, Orjuela M, Mooney L, Tang D, Kim M, Calcagnotto A, Richie JP, Perera F: Preliminary studies on the effect of moderate physical activity on blood levels of glutathione. Biomarkers 2005, 10, 390–400
  5. Jackson MJ, Khassaf M, Vasilaki A, McArdle F, McArdle A: Vitamin E and the oxidative stress of exercise. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004, 1031,158–168.
  6. Venderley AM, Campbell WW: Vegetarian diets: nutritional considerations for athletes. Sports Med 2006, 36, 293–305.
  7. Hemila H, Kaprio J, Albanes D, Virtamo J: Physical activity and the risk of pneumonia in male smokers administered vitamin E and beta−carotene. Int J Sports Med. 2006, 27, 336–341.
  8. Tiwary AK, Stegelmeier BL, Panter KE, James LF, Hall JO: Comparative toxicosis of sodium selenite and selenomethionine in lambs. J Vet Diagn Invest 2006, 8, 61–70.
  9. Mora S, Lee IM, Buring JE, Ridker PM: Association of physical activity and body mass index with novel and traditional cardiovascular biomarkers in women. JAMA 2006, 295, 1412–1419.
  10. Banerjee AK, Mandal A, Chanda D, Chakraborti S: Oxidant, antioxidant and physical exercise. Mol Cell Biochem 2003, 253, 307–312.
  11. Yu BP: Cellular defenses against damage from reactive oxygen species. Physiol Rev 1994, 74, 139–162.
  12. Aruoma OI, Halliwell B, Gajewski W, Disdaroglu M: Copper−iron dependent damages to the bases in DNA in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Biochem J 1991, 273, 2601–2604.
  13. Ramel A, Wagner KH, Elmadfa I: Plasma antioxidants and lipid oxidation after submaximal resistance exercise in men. Eur J Nutr 2004, 43, 2–6.
  14. Davison GW, George L, Jackson SK, Young IS, Davies B, Bailey DM, Peters JR, Ashton T: Exercise, free radicals, and lipid peroxidation in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Free Radic Biol Med 2002, 33,1543–1551.
  15. Mastaloudis A, Yu TW, O’Donnell RP, Frei B, Dashwood RH, Traber MG: Endurance exercise results in DNA damage as detected by the comet assay. Free Radic Biol Med. 2004, 36, 966–975.
  16. Fischer CP, Hiscock NJ, Basu S, Vessby B, Kallner A, Sjoberg LB, Febbraio MA, Pedersen BK: Vitamin E isoform−specific inhibition of the exercise−induced heat shock protein 72 expression in humans. J Appl Physiol 2006, 100(5), 1679–1687.
  17. Peake J, Suzuki K: Neutrophil activation, antioxidant supplements and exercise−induced oxidative stress. Exerc Immunol Rev 2004, 10, 129–141.
  18. Alessio HM: Exercise−induced oxidative stress. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1993, 25, 218–224.
  19. Klapcinska B, Kempa K, Sobczak A, Sadowska−Krepa E, Jagsz S, Szoltysek I: Evaluation of autoantibodies against oxidized LDL (oLAB) and blood antioxidant status in professional soccer players. Int J Sports Med 2005, 26, 71–78.
  20. Takanami Y, Iwane H, Kawai Y, Shimomitsu T: Vitamin E supplementation and endurance exercise: are there benefits? Sports Med 2000, 29, 73–83.
  21. Piercy RJ, Hinchcliff KW, Morley PS, Disilvestro RA, Reinhart GA, Nelson SL, Schmidt KE, Morrie Craig A: Association between vitamin E and enhanced athletic performance in sled dogs. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001, 33, 826–833.
  22. Niess AM, Sommer M, Schneider M, Angres C, Tschositsch K, Golly IC, Battenfeld N, Northoff H, Biesalski HK, Dickhuth HH, Fehrenbach E: Physical exercise−induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and heme oxygenase−1 in human leukocytes: effects of RRR−α−tocopherol supplementation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2000, 2, 113–126.
  23. Child RB, Wilkinson DM, Fallowfield JL: Resting serum antioxidant status is positively correlated with peak oxygen uptake in endurance trained runners. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1999, 39, 282–284.
  24. Pincemail J, Lecomte J, Castiau J, Collard E, Vasankari T, Cheramy−Bien J, Limet R, Defraigne J: Evaluation of autoantibodies against oxidized LDL and antioxidant status in top soccer and basketball players after 4 months of competition. Free Rad Biol Med 2000, 15, 28, 559–565.
  25. Grievink L, Smit HA, Veer P, Brunekreef B, Kromhout D: Plasma concentrations of the antioxidants β−carotene and α−tocopherol in relation to lung function. Eur J Clin Nutr 1999, 53, 813–817.
  26. Brites FD, Evelson PA, Christiansen MG, Nicol MF, Basilico MJ, Wikinski RW: Soccer players under regular training show oxidative stress but an improved plasma antioxidant status. Clin Sci (Colch) 1999, 96, 381–385.
  27. Balakrishnan SD, Anuradha CV: Exercise, depletion of antioxidants and antioxidant manipulation. Cell Biochem Funct 1998, 16, 269–275.
  28. Azizov AP, Seifulla RD, Ankudinova IA, Kondrateva II, Borisova IG: The effect of the antioxidants elton and leveton on the physical work capacity of athletes. Eksp Klin Farmakol 1998, 61, 60–62.
  29. Uteshev BS, Laskova IL: The immunomodulating action of preparations possessing membrane−protective properties under intensive physical loading. Eksp Klin Farmakol 1996, 59, 47–50.
  30. Liu JF, Chang WY, Chan KH, Tsai WY, Lin CL, Hsu MC: Blood Lipid Peroxides and Muscle Damage Increased following Intensive Resistance Training of Female Weightlifters. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005, 1042, 255–261.
  31. Cases N, Aguilo A, Tauler P, Sureda A, Llompart I, Pons A, Tur JA: Differential response of plasma and immune cell’s vitamin E levels to physical activity and antioxidant vitamin supplementation. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005, 59, 781–788.
  32. Konig D, Keul J, Northoff H, Berg A: Rationale for a specific diet from the viewpoint of sports medicine and sports orthopedics. Relation to stress reaction and regeneration. Orthopad 1997, 26, 942–950.
  33. Oostenbrug GS, Mensink RP, Hardeman MR, De Vries T, Brouns F, Hornstra G: Exercise performance, red blood cell deformability, and lipid peroxidation: effects of fish oil and vitamin E. J Appl Physiol 1997, 83, 746–752.
  34. Kitamura Y, Tanaka K, Kiyohara C, Hirohata T, Tomita Y, Ishibashi M, Kido K: Relationship of alcohol use, physical activity and dietary habits with serum carotenoids, retinol and α−tocopherol among male Japanese smokers. Int J Epidemiol 1997, 26, 307–314.
  35. Witte KK, Nikitin NP, Parker AC, von Haehling S, Volk HD, Anker SD, Clark AL, Cleland JG: The effect of micronutrient supplementation on quality−of−life and left ventricular function in elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2005, 26, 2238–2244.
  36. Bloomer RJ, Goldfarb AH, McKenzie MJ, You T, Nguyen L: Effects of antioxidant therapy in women exposed to eccentric exercise. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2004, 14, 377–388.
  37. Vasankari TJ, Kujala UM, Vasankari TM, Vuorimaa T, Ahotupa M: Increased serum and low−density−lipoprotein antioxidant potential after antioxidant supplementation in endurance athletes. Am J Clin Nutr 1997, 65, 1052–1056.
  38. Ahn CS, Kim ES: Effect of alpha−tocopherol and taurine supplementation on oxidized LDL levels of middle aged Korean women during aerobic exercise. Adv Exp Med Biol 2003 526, 269–276.
  39. Battino M, Amadio E, Oradei A, Littarru GP: Metabolic and antioxidant markers in the plasma of sportsmen from a Mediterranean town performing non−agonistic activity. Mol Aspects Med 1997, 18, 241–245.
  40. Zhou S, Zhang Y, Davie A, Marshall−Gradisnik S, Hu H, Wang J, Brushett D: Muscle and plasma coenzyme Q10 concentration, aerobic power and exercise economy of healthy men in response to four weeks of supplementation. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2005, 45, 337–346.
  41. Tiidus PM, Pushkarenko J, Houston ME: Lack of antioxidant adaptation to short−term aerobic training in human muscle. Am J Physiol 1996, 271, 832–836.
  42. Watson TA, MacDonald−Wicks LK: Garg ML.Oxidative stress and antioxidants in athletes undertaking regular exercise training. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2005, 15, 131–146.
  43. Benderitter M, Hadj−Saad F, Lhuissier M, Maupoil V, Guilland JC, Rochette L: Effects of exhaustive exercise and vitamin B6 deficiency on free radical oxidative process in male trained rats. Free Rad Biol Med 1996, 21, 541–549.
  44. Umegaki K, Daohua P, Sugisawa A, Kimura M, Higuchi M: Influence of one bout of vigorous exercise on ascorbic acid in plasma and oxidative damage to DNA in blood cells and muscle in untrained rats. J Nutr Biochem 2000, 11, 401–407.
  45. Poulsen HE, Weimann A, Loft S: Methods to detect DNA damage by free radicals: relation to exercise. Proc Nutr Soc 1999, 58, 1007–1014.
  46. Okamura K, Doi T, Hamada K, Sakurai M, Yoshioka Y, Mitsuzono R, Migita T, Sumida S, Sugawa−Katayama Y: Effect of repeated exercise on urinary 8−hydroxy−deoxyguanosine excretion in humans. Free Rad Res 1997, 26, 507–514.
© Wroclaw Medical University