Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2006, vol. 15, nr 6, November-December, p. 1055–1062

Publication type: review article

Language: English

The Influence of Nutrients on Immune System Functioning – Part I. Immunomodulatory Effects of Fatty Acids on the Human Body

Wpływ składników odżywczych pożywienia na funkcjonowanie układu odpornościowego – część I. Immunomodulacyjne działanie kwasów tłuszczowych pożywienia w organizmie człowieka

Monika Krzysik1,, Jadwiga Biernat1,, Halina Grajeta1,

1 Chair and Department of Bromatology, Silesian Piasts University of Medicine, Wrocław, Poland

Abstract

Nutritional means and nutritional status of the body have, except many others factors, substantial influence on immune system activity. Nutrients with immunological component are: n−3 and n−6 fatty acids, carotenoids, vitamins: A, D, E, C and zinc, selenium and iron. It is considered that n−6 fatty acids induce inflammation through influence on lipid inflammatory mediators. The opposite influence is exerted by n−3 fatty acids, as they stop the production of lipid and protein inflammatory mediators. Modifying the immune response by adequately balanced diet, may be an effective method, not only in prevention but also in treatment of immunological diseases.

Streszczenie

Sposób żywienia i stan odżywienia organizmu ma ważny wpływ, oprócz wielu innych czynników, na aktywność układu immunologicznego. Składniki pokarmowe obdarzone komponentą immunologiczną to: kwasy tłuszczowe z rodziny n−3 i n−6, karotenoidy, witaminy A, D, E, C oraz cynk, selen i żelazo. Uważa się, że kwasy tłuszczowe rodziny n−6, mające wpływ na metabolizm lipidowych mediatorów zapalenia działają prozapalnie. Przeciwny wpływ wywierają kwasy tłuszczowe rodziny n−3, ponieważ blokują syntezę zarówno lipidowych, jak i peptydowych mediatorów reakcji zapalnej. Ukierunkowanie odpowiedzi immunologicznej za pomocą odpowiednio skomponowanej diety może okazać się skuteczną metodą nie tylko zapobiegania, ale także wspomagania leczenia chorób o podłożu immunologicznym.

Key words

fatty acids n−3 and n−6, lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, prostaglandins, leucotrienes

Słowa kluczowe

kwasy tłuszczowe n−3 i n−6, limfocyty, makrofagi, neutrofile, cytokiny, prostaglandyny, leukotrieny

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