Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2006, vol. 15, nr 5, September-October, p. 917–924

Publication type: review article

Language: English

Renal Vein Thrombosis – Etiology, Diagnosis, Therapeutic Options

Zakrzepica żyły nerkowej – etiologia, rozpoznanie i opcje terapeutyczne

Waldemar E. Wysokiński1,2,, Izabela Gosk−Bierska3,, Krzysztof Karnicki2,, Robert D. Mcbane Ii1,2,

1 Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation for Education and Research, Rochester, USA

2 Section of Hematology Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation for Education and Research, Rochester, USA

3 Department and Clinic of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetology, Silesian Piasts University of Medicine in Wrocław, Poland

Abstract

The majority of venous thrombotic events involve the extremities, although venous thrombosis may occur at any location, including organ veins. The appropriate evaluation and treatment has been well defined for venous thromboembolism of the legs, but it remains less clear for venous thrombosis involving other venous segments. Renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is a rather uncommon but possibly very serious clinical entity characterized by a number of underlying causes and risk factors, a very broad spectrum of clinical manifestation, unknown outcome, and poorly defined treatment strategy. The purpose of this review is to summarize the corporate literature regarding etiology, diagnostic modalities, clinical manifestation and, particularly, therapeutic options on which to base recommendations for anticoagulant therapy.

Streszczenie

Zdecydowana większość przypadków zakrzepicy żylnej dotyczy kończyn, proces zakrzepowy jednak może objąć każde naczynie żylne, w tym również żyły narządów wewnętrznych. Zalecenia diagnostyczne i lecznicze w przypadku zakrzepicy żylnej kończyn zostały dokładnie określone, ale dla zakrzepicy obejmującej inne części układu żylnego pozostają nadal niejasne. Zakrzepica żyły nerkowej (RVT) jest jednostką chorobową występującą rzadko i może być bardzo groźna. Charakteryzuje się obecnością wielu czynników sprawczych, bardzo szerokim zakresem objawów klinicznych, nieznanym rokowaniem i bardzo niejasno sformułowanymi zaleceniami leczniczymi. Celem pracy jest podsumowanie dostępnej literatury na temat etiologii, technik diagnostycznych, objawów klinicznych, a szczególnie możliwości terapeutycznych, na podstawie których można by sformułować zalecenia co do leczenia przeciwzakrzepowego w tej chorobie.

Key words

renal vein thrombosis, recurrence, survival, anticoagulation

Słowa kluczowe

zakrzepica żyły nerkowej, nawroty, rokowanie, leczenie przeciwzakrzepowe

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