Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
JCR Impact Factor (IF) – 1.736
5-Year Impact Factor – 2.135
Index Copernicus  – 168.52
MEiN – 70 pts

ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
Periodicity – monthly

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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2016, vol. 25, nr 1, January-February, p. 199–206

doi: 10.17219/acem/29375

Publication type: review article

Language: English

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Xerostomia of Various Etiologies: A Review of the Literature

Marta Tanasiewicz1,A,E,F, Tomasz Hildebrandt2,B,C,D, Izabela Obersztyn1,B,C

1 Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland

2 Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Academic Center of Dentistry and Specialist Medicine, Bytom, Poland

Abstract

This paper presents the etiopathogenesis, symptomatology, evaluation and treatment of mouth dryness. Xerostomia affects 1–29% of the population, mostly women. It is observed in geriatric patients and in individuals using certain medications, those subjected to radiotherapy of the head and neck region or affected with autoimmune conditions. The main signs of xerostomia include the impression of a dry mouth, problems with food ingestion and dryness of the oral mucosa and skin. Evaluation is based on structured interviews (the Fox test) and determinations of unstimulated and stimulated salivary volume. The signs of xerostomia can be attenuated with saliva substitutes, cevimeline or malic acid. Only palliative treatment of this condition is available at present. Untreated xerostomia significantly impairs the quality of life, which can potentially lead to depression.

Key words

xerostomia, dry mouth, etiological factors, symptoms and treatment of xerostomia

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