Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2013, vol. 22, nr 1, January-February, p. 17–26

Publication type: original article

Language: English

The Normal Growth of the Biceps Brachii Muscle in Human Fetuses

Normatywny wzrost mięśnia dwugłowego ramienia u płodów człowieka

Michał Szpinda1,C,D,E,F, Monika Paruszewska-Achtel1,A,B,C,D, Maria Dąbrowska1,B,D, Mateusz Badura1,B,C, Gabriela Elminowska-Wenda1,2,B, Adrianna Sobolewska2,B, Anna Szpinda1,B

1 Department of Normal Anatomy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland

2 Department of Histology, Jan and Jędrzej Śniadecki University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz, Poland

Abstract

Background. The biceps brachii muscle, the strongest flexor and supinator at the elbow joint, and an accessory flexor of the glenohumeral joint is characterized by the two heads, long and short.
Objectives. The purpose of this study was to examine the linear parameters (length and width) of the biceps brachii in human fetuses and to provide their mathematical growth models.
Material and Methods. Using methods of anatomical dissection, digital analysis (Multiscan v.14.02), and statistics (Student’s t-test and regression analysis) the authors bilaterally measured the length (mm) and width (mm) of the biceps brachii muscle in 30 fetuses of both sexes (14¡ä, 16¡+), aged 17
Results. Neither sex nor laterality differences were found. All the parameters studied increased proportionally with age. Both the mean length (5.68 mm) and widths, measured at its mid-length (0.60 mm) and at the widest level (0.65 mm) of the long head’s belly, were found to be statistically shorter (5.93 mm, 0.65 mm and 0.72 mm, respectively) when compared to its short head’s belly. For these parameters, the following linear models were generated in relation to the long head’s belly: y =
Conclusion. Neither sex differences nor laterality differences are observed in morphometric parameters of the biceps brachii muscle. The long head’s belly is shorter and thinner than that of the short head’s belly. The long head’s tendon is longer than that of the short head. The developmental dynamics of the biceps brachii muscle follow proportionately.

Streszczenie

Wprowadzenie.Mięsień dwugłowy ramienia, najsilniejszy zginacz i supinator stawu łokciowego oraz pomocniczy zginacz stawu ramiennego ma dwie głowy
Cel pracy. Zbadanie parametrów liniowych (długość, szerokość) mięśnia dwugłowego ramienia u płodów człowieka i opracowanie matematycznych modeli jego wzrostu.
Materiał i metody. Za pomocą dysekcji anatomicznej, cyfrowej analizy obrazu (Multiscan v. 14.02) i analizy statystycznej (test t-Studenta, analiza regresji) zmierzono obustronnie długość (mm) i szerokość (mm) mięśnia dwugłowego ramienia u 30 płodów człowieka obu płci (14¡ä, 16¡+) w wieku 17
Wyniki. Nie wykazano różnic płciowych i bilateralnych. Wartości badanych parametrów wzrastały proporcjonalnie względem wieku. Zarówno średnia długość (5,68 mm), jak i szerokość mierzona w połowie (0,60 mm) oraz w najszerszym miejscu brzuśca głowy długiej (0,65 mm) były istotnie (p < 0,05) mniejsze (odpowiednio: 5,93 mm; 0,65 mm; 0,72 mm) w porównaniu z jego głową krótką. Dla tychże parametrów opracowano następujące liniowe modele wzrostu: y =
Wnioski. Mięsień dwugłowy ramienia nie wykazuje różnic płciowych i bilateralnych. Brzusiec głowy długiej jest krótszy i węższy niż brzusiec głowy krótkiej. Ścięgno głowy długiej jest dłuższe niż głowy krótkiej. Mięsień dwugłowy ramienia wzrasta proporcjonalnie na długość i szerokość.

Key words

human fetuses, biceps brachii muscle, attachments, length, width, regression analysis.

Słowa kluczowe

płody człowieka, mięsień dwugłowy ramienia, przyczepy, szerokość, długość, analiza regresji.

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