Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2012, vol. 21, nr 6, November-December, p. 743–749

Publication type: original article

Language: English

The Influence of Natural Head Position on the Assessment of Facial Morphology

Wpływ naturalnej pozycji głowy na ocenę morfologii twarzy

Krzysztof Woźniak1,A,B,C,D,E,F, Dagmara Piątkowska1,A,D,E,F, Mariusz Lipski2,A,D,E,F

1 Department of Orthodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland

2 Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland

Abstract

Background. Skeletal relationships play a major part in determining occlusal relationships, and that is why they also affect orthodontic treatment. Facial morphology can be assessed by clinical or radiological methods. Soft tissue analysis of the face is accepted as an integral part of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.
Objectives. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the inclination between the Frankfort horizontal (FH) and the extracranial horizontal (HOR) lines with the head in the natural position (NHP) on the assessment of facial morphology.
Material and Methods. Lateral facial photographs of 200 young adult males and females were taken with the head in the natural head position and then analyzed. Each image was rotated in order to position the Frankfort line parallel to the extracranial horizontal line. Twelve landmarks on each of the 400 profile photographs (200 originals, 200 processed) were identified, and nine linear measurements and three angular measurements were assessed.
Results. The inclination angle between the extracranial horizontal line and the Frankfort horizontal line in the NHP varied from –7.1º to 5.6º (mean –1.20º). Significant correlations were found between the inclination angle FH/HOR and both sagittal and vertical morphology predictors such as the sections N-Sn (r = 0.3737, p = 0.0001), Sn-Gn (r = 0.3231, p = 0.0000), and both facial angles (r = 0.9774, p = 0.0000) and profile angles (r = 0.9654, p = 0.0000).
Conclusion. A comparison of soft tissue measurements determined with reference to the Frankfort horizontal and extracranial horizontal lines with the head in the natural position reveals significant differences.

Streszczenie

Wprowadzenie. Relacje podstaw kostnych są głównym czynnikiem determinującym zwarcie łuków zębowych, a tym samym sposób leczenia ortodontycznego. Ocena morfologii twarzy może być dokonywana zarówno w warunkach klinicznych, jak i na podstawie metod radiologicznych. Analiza tkanek miękkich twarzy jest zatem powszechnie akceptowalną częścią diagnostyki i planowania ortodontycznego.
Cel pracy. Określenie wpływu kąta inklinacji linii frankfurckiej i rzeczywistej linii poziomej (HOR) w naturalnej pozycji głowy (NHP) na ocenę morfologii twarzy.
Materiał i metody. Analizie poddano 200 fotografii profili dorosłych osób, wykonanych w naturalnej pozycji głowy. Zdjęcia poddano rotacji w celu uzyskania równoległości linii frankfurckiej do rzeczywistej linii poziomej. Na każdym z 400 zdjęć profili (200 oryginalnych i 200 poddanych obróbce) wyznaczono 12 punktów, dokonując oceny 9 pomiarów liniowych i 3 kątowych.
Wyniki. Wartość kąta inklinacji linii frankfurckiej i rzeczywistej linii poziomej wynosiła –7,1–5,6º (średnia –1,20º). Stwierdzono istotną zależność między kątem inklinacji linii odniesienia (FH/HOR) a sagitalnymi i wertykalnymi predykatorami liniowymi: N-Sn (r = 0,3737; p = 0,0001), Sn-Gn (r = 0,3231; p = 0,0000) oraz kątowymi: kąt twarzowy (r = 0,9774; p = 0,0000) i kąt profilu (r = 0,9654; p = 0,0000).
Wnioski. Porównanie pomiarów tkanek miękkich twarzy wykonanych w odniesieniu do linii frankfurckiej oraz rzeczywistej linii horyzontalnej w naturalnej pozycji głowy ujawniło istotne różnice.

Key words

facial morphology, natural head position

Słowa kluczowe

morfologia twarzy, naturalna pozycja głowy

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