Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2011, vol. 20, nr 2, March-April, p. 217–220

Publication type: review article

Language: English

Aquaporin-1 – New Perspectives in Peritoneal Dialysis

Akwaporyna 1 – nowe perspektywy w dializie otrzewnowej

Edyta Gołembiewska1,, Joanna Kabat-Koperska1,, Kazimierz Ciechanowski1,

1 Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland

Abstract

Peritoneal dialysis is an important method of renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease. The rate of fluid removal from the patient, i.e. ultrafiltration, depends on the concentration of the osmotic agent (most often glucose) in the dialysate. According to the „three-pore model” of peritoneal transport, ultrasmall pores (aquaporins) are water-specific, and during a hypertonic dwell they can contribute up to 50% of the total ultrafiltration. Experimental studies on animal models have demonstrated the role of aquaporin-1 in water transport and its regulation by hyperosmolality, and have proved the influence of corticosteroid administration on aquaporin1 function. Experimental studies have also demonstrated other aquaporin-1 properties, such as its role in cell migration, wound healing and tumor growth, and suggested that aquaporin-1 may play a role in leukocyte recruitment during peritonitis. Future studies in peritoneal dialysis patients should assess the influence of aquaporin1 gene polymorphism on the variability of free water transport and the course of peritonitis.

Streszczenie

Dializa otrzewnowa jest ważną metodą leczenia nerkozastępczego u pacjentów ze schyłkową niewydolnością nerek. Usuwanie nadmiaru płynu z organizmu, tj. ultrafiltracja, zależy od stężenia związku osmotycznie czynnego w dializacie (najczęściej glukozy). Zgodnie z „trójporowym modelem” błony otrzewnowej pory ultramałe (akwaporyny) transportują tylko wodę, a podczas wymiany z płynem hipertonicznym transportowana przez nie woda może stanowić nawet 50% całkowitej ultrafiltracji. Badania doświadczalne na modelach zwierzęcych wykazały rolę akwaporyny 1 w transporcie wody i jego regulację w hiperosmolalnym środowisku. Potwierdziły również wpływ podaży glikokortykosteroidów na funkcję kanałów akwaporynowych. Badania doświadczalne wykazały również inne właściwości akwaporyny 1, takie jak rola w migracji komórek, gojeniu ran i wzroście guzów nowotworowych. Sugerują one również, że akwaporyna 1 może odgrywać rolę w regulacji napływu leukocytów podczas zapalenia otrzewnej. Przyszłe badania u pacjentów dializowanych otrzewnowo powinny ocenić wpływ polimorfizmu genowego akwaporyny 1 na zmienność wielkości transportu wolnej wody i przebieg dializacyjnego zapalenia otrzewnej.

Key words

aquaporin-1, free water transport, ultrafiltration, peritonitis

Słowa kluczowe

akwaporyna 1, transport wolnej wody, ultrafiltracja, zapalenie otrzewnej

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