Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2007, vol. 16, nr 1, January-February, p. 105–112

Publication type: review article

Language: Polish

Wybrane właściwości lipopolisacharydów bakterii Gram−ujemnych zawierających mannan w łańcuchu O−swoistym

Selected Properties of Lipopolysaccharides Possessing the Mannan as O−Specific Polysaccharides of Gram−Negative Bacteria

Dorota Tichaczek−Goska1,, Agnieszka Cisowska1,

1 Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Silesian Piasts University of Medicine in Wrocław, Poland

Streszczenie

Lipopolisacharydy niektórych gatunków bakterii Gram−ujemnych z rodzajów Citrobacter, Hafnia, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Salmonella i Serratia mają mannan w O−antygenie. Bogate w mannozę lipopolisacharydy wykazują wiele aktywności immunologicznych. Lipopolisacharydy zawierające homopolimer mannozowy w łańcuchu Oswoistym znacznie silniej aktywują układ dopełniacza, niż te z heteropolimerem. Komplement może być aktywowany na drodze klasycznej, lektynowej lub alternatywnej. Droga lektynowa odgrywa znaczącą rolę jako pierwsza linia obrony organizmu wyższego przed czynnikami zakażenia. Białko wiążące mannozę (MBL), główna składowa drogi lektynowej, rozpoznaje określone cząsteczki cukrów (mannoza, N−acetyloglukozamina) obecne na powierzchni drobnoustrojów, przyczyniając się do zabicia patogenów. Wiele bakterii charakteryzuje się opornością na działanie surowicy, co jest związane ze skomplikowaną budową ich struktur powierzchniowych.

Abstract

Lipopolysaccharides of some Gram−negative bacteria from genera Citrobacter, Hafnia, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Salmonella, and Serratia have the O−specific polysaccharide moieties consisting of mannan. Mannose−rich lipopolysaccharides exhibit several characteristic immunological activities. Lipopolysaccharides possessing the mannose homopolymer are much more potent in activating the complement system than these with heteropolymer. The complement system can be activated by classical, lectin or alternative pathways. The lectin pathway plays significant role in first−line host defense. Mannose−binding protein (MBL), the main component of the lectin pathway, recognizes specific carbohydrate residues (mannose, N−acetylglucosamine) on the surface of microorganisms and promotes the killing of pathogens. Many bacterial strains are resistant to complement−dependent host defense, which is related with complicated structure of their outer membrane.

Słowa kluczowe

lipopolisacharyd, mannan, dopełniacz

Key words

lipopolysaccharide, mannan, complement

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