Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
JCR Impact Factor (IF) – 1.736
5-Year Impact Factor – 2.135
Index Copernicus  – 168.52
MEiN – 70 pts

ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
Periodicity – monthly

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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2007, vol. 16, nr 4, July-August, p. 519–525

Publication type: original article

Language: English

The Role of Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 in the Pathogenesis of Nasal Polyps

Rola przewlekłego procesu zapalnego błony śluzowej nosa w patogenezie polipów nosowych

Beata Rostkowska−Nadolska1,, Katarzyna Pazdro−Zastawny1,, Piotr Ziółkowski2,, Elżbieta Gamian2,, Marzena Jaworska1,, Jolanta Kuźniar1,, Wojciech Gawron1,

1 Department of Otolaryngology, Silesian Piasts University of Medicine in Wrocław, Poland

2 Department of Pathological Anatomy, Silesian Piasts University of Medicine in Wrocław, Poland

Abstract

Background. The chronic inflammatory process of nasal mucosa, with the fundamental role of eosinophils in its development, is considered to be responsible for the formation and growth of nasal polyps. The abundance of eosinophils in nasal polyp tissues may be a result of their prolonged survival. Defective apoptotic control mechanisms may contribute to disturbances in the local homeostasis of nasal mucosa.
Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine the role of Mc1−1 in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps by comparative analysis of its expression in eosionophilic polyps, neutrophilic polyps, and normal mucosa, including its contribution to eosinophil apoptosis in polyposis tissue.
Material and Methods. The study group included 24 paraffin sections of nasal polyp tissues obtained from 20 male and 4 female patients with nasal polyposis undergoing polypectomy. The control group consisted of 10 normal nasal mucosa specimens from patients undergoing septoplasty. Sixteen nasal polyps were histopathologically classified as eosinophilic polyps and eight as neutrophilic polyps.
Results. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of Mcl−1 in the nasal polyp tissues. In the group of eosinophilic polyps the most intense staining was detected in the inflammatory infiltration cells. In 75% of the samples it was evaluated as intense. In the group of neutrophilic polyps and the control group the expression of Mcl−1 was present in the epithelial cells. In 62.5% of the neutrophilic polyps it was evaluated as strong. There was strong expression of MCL−1 in the epithelium of 70% of the samples from the control group. Weak Mcl−1 expression was detected in the neutrophilic polyp inflammatory cells and normal mucosa.
Conclusion. The results indicate differences in expression of anti−apoptotic protein Mcl−1 in neutrophilic and eosinophilic nasal polyps and nasal mucosa. The increase in the expression of Mcl−1 protein in eosinophils in nasal polyps may lead to resistance to topical nasal corticosteroid therapy in some patients.

Streszczenie

Wprowadzenie. Przewlekły proces zapalny błony śluzowej nosa, u którego podłoża leży naciek eozynofilowy uważa się za przyczynę powstawania i wzrostu polipów nosowych. Duża liczba eozynofilów w tkance polipów nosa może wynikać z ich przedłużonego przeżycia. Defekt mechanizmów kontrolujących apoptozę może się przyczyniać do zaburzenia miejscowej homeostazy.
Cel pracy. Określenie roli Mcl−1 (myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1) w patogenezie polipów nosowych za pomocą analizy porównawczej jego ekspresji w polipach eozynofilowych, neutrofilowych oraz prawidłowej błonie śluzowej wraz z udziałem procesu apoptozy w tkance polipów.
Materiał i metody. Materiał badany obejmował 24 skrawki parafinowe tkanki polipa pobrane podczas zabiegu polipektomii od 20 mężczyzn i 4 kobiet z polipowatością nosa. Grupę kontrolną stanowiło 10 próbek zdrowej błony śluzowej pobranych od pacjentów podczas zabiegu plastyki przegrody nosa. 16 polipów oceniono w badaniu histopatologicznym jako eozynofilowe, 8 jako neutrofilowe.
Wyniki. W celu określenia ekspresji Mcl−1 wykorzystano badanie immunohistochemiczne. W grupie polipów eozynofilowych najbardziej intensywną ekspresję stwierdzono w komórkach zapalnych. W 75% próbek ekspresję oceniono jako intensywną. W grupie polipów neutrofilowych oraz w grupie kontrolnej ekspresja Mcl−1 była obecna w komórkach nabłonkowych. W przypadku polipów neutrofilowych w 62,5% ekspresja została oceniona jako duża. W 70% próbek z grupy kontrolnej ekspresję Mcl−1 określono jako dużą. Wykryto małą ekspresję Mcl−1 w komórkach zapalnych polipów neutrofilowych oraz w zdrowej błonie śluzowej.
Wnioski. Wyniki badań wskazują na różnice w ekspresji antyapoptotycznej proteiny Mcl−1 w polipach neutrofilowych, eozynofilowych oraz zdrowej błonie śluzowej nosa. Zwiększenie ekspresji Mcl−1 w tkance polipów eozynofilowych może prowadzić u niektórych pacjentów do oporności na leczenie glikokortykosteroidami.

Key words

nasal polyps, Mc1−1, apoptosis, immunohistochemistry

Słowa kluczowe

polipy nosowe, Mcl−1, apoptoza, immunochemia

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